Friday, August 30, 2019

Why did we do that part 3

In my last post we went through the glory years of Regency fashion (and the first years of the Darcys' marriage!). But while the dresses of the later half of the 1810s were quite lovely, they signaled a transition into fashion that was going to go to extremes, first with sleeves and then with skirts.

This dress from the fashion museum at Bath shows the transition still underway. It features lots of trim, puffier sleeves, and a lower waistline with ruching at the bosom. The ruched area tapers towards the waist, a trend that will evolve to eventually form a point, for the next few decades will be all about accentuating the waist in various ways.
 
mannequins wearing men's trousers and a women's dress with frills at the bottom
1824 embroidered cotton dress, Fashion Museum Bath. As the museum notes, this dress is hand-embroidered but by the end of the decade, machine embroidery had been invented and was in use.
 
 At the beginning of the decade, undergarments were still very similar to what had been worn in the previous two decades. As this 1824-25 portrait below shows very clearly, it was still the fashion to separate the breasts, and stays were still constructed in order to do that.
 
painting of woman in white dress with brown hair and beautiful eyes
Harriott West, Sir Thomas Lawrence; as part of separating the breasts it was popular to put a brooch between them, as she wears in the painting 
 
Petticoats and pantalettes continued to provide additional layers below the outer dress, although as you can see we're moving away from those more transparent fabrics so they become less necessary for that purpose.
 
white petticoat hanging from a hanger
 1820 half petticoat, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
 
 As the decade continued, the petticoat took on a new purpose: to help provide shape for the dress. As the example below shows, sleeves on the petticoat helped provide volume for the increasingly puffier sleeves of the outer dress.
 
mannequin wearing a white dress with a waist just above the natural waistline
1822 petticoat with sleeves, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
 
 Aside from the other trends I've noted, you may have noticed some geometric patterns in the trim of some of the later gowns I've shown, and this continued to extremes. These zigzag designs were called "vandykes," a misspelling of the Dutch portrait painter whose subjects sometimes wore similarly geometric lace collars. The gown below shows an extreme example of this.
 
brown dress with jagged, pointy trim around the edges 
 1824-25 taffeta dress, DAR Museum, Washington DC
 
 The dress below shows a bit of vandyke trim, as well as the increasing sleeve size and extreme emphasis on a narrow waist that was coming in by the end of the decade.
 
off-white gown with waist near the natural waist line and puffed sleeves
1829 wedding dress, Gloucester Life Museum
 
 Sleeves would go to even greater extremes, though, for this was the era of leg of mutton sleeves.